For a ’73 I think the shoulder bolt goes at the bottom – opposite to the late calipers. EDIT https://www.thesamba.com/vw/forum/viewtopic.php?t=556225
Odd that it should be at the bottom. I'd always assumed the shoulder acted as a strengthening dowel on the bolt with most force on it.
The shoulder bolt is a tighter fit in the hole than the other bolt, as well as not fitting in the other hole, so if the caliper moves, it takes the force. And then its onto the missing anti-squeal shims if the calipers do not have cutouts in the pistons where they touch the pads. Or getting the cutouts to face the rotation of the brake disc if there are cutouts.